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The Castile and León Agricultural Pest Control Master Plan (AGREEMENT 53/2009, of May 14, of the Regional Government of Castile and León) constitutes a strategy of direct support for farmers in plant health, in line with a sustainable production and environmental model. Its ultimate objective is to provide farmers with useful information to support their decision-making processes.

Organic Farming is a comprehensive system of agricultural management and food production that combines best environmental practices, a high level of biodiversity, the preservation of natural resources, the application of strict animal welfare standards, and production that meets specific consumer preferences for products obtained from natural substances and processes.

ORIGIN OF AGRICULTURE: Cereal cultivation in the Near East. BEGINNING OF WHEAT HARVESTING: 10,000 years ago

According to the latest estimates, global cereal production, including corn and rice, for 2024 is estimated at around 2.856 billion tons, which is 0.3% higher than the previous year.

Lepidoptera of the Tortricidae family. Adults: A relatively small moth (6–12 mm long) with long antennae and a triangular head. The forewings are brownish, the forewings scaled, longer than the abdomen, with an arched costal margin and various markings (frequently silvery-grey). The hindwings are broader and greyish. Larvae: Six larval stages.

Beetles of various species from the Elateridae and Tenebrionidae families, whose larvae live underground, feeding on germinated seeds, roots, shoots, and seedlings of various plant species, including crops such as cereals, rapeseed, sunflowers, alfalfa, beets, potatoes, carrots, and more.

Castile and León is known as the breadbasket of Spain: it sows just over a third of the national land area devoted to winter cereals (wheat, barley, oats, rye, and triticale).

The Castile and León Agricultural Pest Control Master Plan (AGREEMENT 53/2009, of May 14, of the Regional Government of Castile and León) constitutes a strategy of direct support for farmers in plant health, in line with a sustainable production and environmental model. Its ultimate objective is to provide farmers with useful information to support their decision-making processes.

The Castile and León Agricultural Pest Control Master Plan (AGREEMENT 53/2009, of May 14, of the Regional Government of Castile and León) constitutes a strategy of direct support for farmers in plant health, in line with a sustainable production and environmental model. Its ultimate objective is to provide farmers with useful information to support their decision-making processes.

The Castile and León Agricultural Pest Control Master Plan (AGREEMENT 53/2009, of May 14, of the Regional Government of Castile and León) constitutes a strategy of direct support for farmers in plant health, in line with a sustainable production and environmental model. Its ultimate objective is to provide farmers with useful information to support their decision-making processes.

CAUSING AGENT: Various species of hemipterans of the Aphididae family. Adults: 1 to 3 mm long, with wingless and winged specimens within the same species. Abdominal siphons are patent, usually long and dark.

Castile and León is known as the breadbasket of Spain: it sows just over a third of the national land area devoted to winter cereals (wheat, barley, oats, rye, and triticale).

Castile and León is known as the breadbasket of Spain: it sows just over a third of the national land area devoted to winter cereals (wheat, barley, oats, rye, and triticale).

CAUSING AGENT: Hemiptera of the suborder Heteroptera, with piercing-sucking mouthparts, that feed on the green parts and grain of plants. Although the most common are of the genera Aelia and Eurygaster, there are others that can also infect cereals (e.g., some species of Carcoporis).

Oulema melanopa is a beetle of the Chrysomelidae family. Adults: Length between 4-5 mm. Head and elytra are bluish-black with a metallic appearance. Elytra are striated, in the form of ten dotted bands on each. Pronotum (a part of the thorax) and upper parts of the legs are orange or reddish. Antennae with 11 clearly visible segments.

Castile and León is known as the breadbasket of Spain: it sows just over a third of the national land area devoted to winter cereals (wheat, barley, oats, rye, and triticale).

Castile and León is known as the breadbasket of Spain: it sows just over a third of the national land area devoted to winter cereals (wheat, barley, oats, rye, and triticale).

Castile and León is known as the breadbasket of Spain: it sows just over a third of the national land area devoted to winter cereals (wheat, barley, oats, rye, and triticale).

CAUSAL AGENT Coleoptera of the Scarabaeidae family, highly polyphagous, that cause damage to numerous species: cereals (mainly wheat and rye), vines, fruit trees (apple, pear, peach, apricot, plum, cherry, etc.), rapeseed, legumes and others. Adult: Length 8-15 mm. Rounded, black body with coppery or violet reflections, irregular white dots on the back.

CAUSAL AGENT Curculionid beetle that parasitizes all types of stored grains, preferring small ones (wheat, oats, barley, rye, etc.). It also feeds on flour, pasta, or biscuits, but rarely reproduces in them. It is one of the pests that cause the greatest economic losses.