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The Castile and León Agricultural Pest Control Master Plan (AGREEMENT 53/2009, of May 14, of the Regional Government of Castile and León) constitutes a strategy of direct support for farmers in plant health, in line with a sustainable production and environmental model. Its ultimate objective is to provide farmers with useful information to support their decision-making processes.

The Castile and León Agricultural Pest Control Master Plan (AGREEMENT 53/2009, of May 14, of the Regional Government of Castile and León) constitutes a strategy of direct support for farmers in plant health, in line with a sustainable production and environmental model. Its ultimate objective is to provide farmers with useful information to support their decision-making processes.

CAUSING AGENT: Various species of hemipterans of the Aphididae family. Adults: 1 to 3 mm long, with wingless and winged specimens within the same species. Abdominal siphons are patent, usually long and dark.

Castile and León is known as the breadbasket of Spain: it sows just over a third of the national land area devoted to winter cereals (wheat, barley, oats, rye, and triticale).

Castile and León is known as the breadbasket of Spain: it sows just over a third of the national land area devoted to winter cereals (wheat, barley, oats, rye, and triticale).

CAUSING AGENT: Hemiptera of the suborder Heteroptera, with piercing-sucking mouthparts, that feed on the green parts and grain of plants. Although the most common are of the genera Aelia and Eurygaster, there are others that can also infect cereals (e.g., some species of Carcoporis).

Oulema melanopa is a beetle of the Chrysomelidae family. Adults: Length between 4-5 mm. Head and elytra are bluish-black with a metallic appearance. Elytra are striated, in the form of ten dotted bands on each. Pronotum (a part of the thorax) and upper parts of the legs are orange or reddish. Antennae with 11 clearly visible segments.

Castile and León is known as the breadbasket of Spain: it sows just over a third of the national land area devoted to winter cereals (wheat, barley, oats, rye, and triticale).

Castile and León is known as the breadbasket of Spain: it sows just over a third of the national land area devoted to winter cereals (wheat, barley, oats, rye, and triticale).

Castile and León is known as the breadbasket of Spain: it sows just over a third of the national land area devoted to winter cereals (wheat, barley, oats, rye, and triticale).

CAUSAL AGENT Coleoptera of the Scarabaeidae family, highly polyphagous, that cause damage to numerous species: cereals (mainly wheat and rye), vines, fruit trees (apple, pear, peach, apricot, plum, cherry, etc.), rapeseed, legumes and others. Adult: Length 8-15 mm. Rounded, black body with coppery or violet reflections, irregular white dots on the back.

CAUSAL AGENT Curculionid beetle that parasitizes all types of stored grains, preferring small ones (wheat, oats, barley, rye, etc.). It also feeds on flour, pasta, or biscuits, but rarely reproduces in them. It is one of the pests that cause the greatest economic losses.

CAUSAL AGENT: A disease caused by various fungi of the genera Fusarium and Microdochium present in many soils. Most species are saprophytic, living on plant debris. Fusarium wilt affects a wide range of plants, including many cereals (wheat, barley, oats) and other grasses.

Castile and León is known as the breadbasket of Spain: it sows just over a third of the national land area devoted to winter cereals (wheat, barley, oats, rye, and triticale).

Castile and León is known as the breadbasket of Spain: it sows just over a third of the national land area devoted to winter cereals (wheat, barley, oats, rye, and triticale).

Castile and León is known as the breadbasket of Spain: it sows just over a third of the national land area devoted to winter cereals (wheat, barley, oats, rye, and triticale).

CAUSAL AGENT: The disease is caused in wheat by various races of the fungus Puccinia recondita R., also called Puccinia triticina E., and by Puccinia hordei O. in barley. The degree of resistance or susceptibility of a wheat to infection depends on the variety planted and the rust race that attacks it.

Castile and León is known as the breadbasket of Spain: it sows just over a third of the national land area devoted to winter cereals (wheat, barley, oats, rye, and triticale).

Castile and León is known as the breadbasket of Spain: it sows just over a third of the national land area devoted to winter cereals (wheat, barley, oats, rye, and triticale).

CAUSAL AGENT: Fungal disease caused by the species Puccinia graminis. Within this species, several special forms (f.sp.) are distinguished. Depending on these, in relation to winter cereal crops: P. graminis f.sp. tritici can affect wheat, triticale, and barley. P. graminis f.sp. avenae affects oats. P. graminis f.sp. secalis affects rye and barley.